Tumor necrosis factor
The TNF gene encodes a proinflammatory cytokine. Variants in that gene are associated with asthma and migraine (autosomal dominant pattern in both), vascular dementia, and susceptibility to malaria and septic shock.
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References:
1. |
Szalai C et al. (2002) Association of polymorphisms and allelic combinations in the tumour necrosis factor-alpha-complement MHC region with coronary artery disease.
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2. |
Franchimont D et al. (1999) Tumor necrosis factor alpha decreases, and interleukin-10 increases, the sensitivity of human monocytes to dexamethasone: potential regulation of the glucocorticoid receptor.
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3. |
Fowler EV et al. (2005) TNFalpha and IL10 SNPs act together to predict disease behaviour in Crohn's disease.
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4. |
Braumüller H et al. (2013) T-helper-1-cell cytokines drive cancer into senescence.
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de Groof F et al. (2002) Acute stress response in children with meningococcal sepsis: important differences in the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor I axis between nonsurvivors and survivors.
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6. |
Buranawuti K et al. (2007) Variants in mannose-binding lectin and tumour necrosis factor alpha affect survival in cystic fibrosis.
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7. |
Witte JS et al. (2002) Relation between tumour necrosis factor polymorphism TNFalpha-308 and risk of asthma.
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8. |
Shin HD et al. (2004) Association of tumor necrosis factor polymorphisms with asthma and serum total IgE.
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9. |
Aoki T et al. (2006) An association between asthma and TNF-308G/A polymorphism: meta-analysis.
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10. |
Lee YH et al. (2006) Meta-analysis of TNF-alpha promoter -308 A/G polymorphism and SLE susceptibility.
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11. |
Wilson AG et al. (1992) Single base polymorphism in the human tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) gene detectable by NcoI restriction of PCR product.
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12. |
Barnes PF et al. (1990) Local production of tumor necrosis factor and IFN-gamma in tuberculous pleuritis.
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13. |
None (1985) Tumor necrosis factor (TNF).
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14. |
Brenner DA et al. (1989) Prolonged activation of jun and collagenase genes by tumour necrosis factor-alpha.
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15. |
Carroll MC et al. (1987) Linkage map of the human major histocompatibility complex including the tumor necrosis factor genes.
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16. |
Nedwin GE et al. (1985) Human lymphotoxin and tumor necrosis factor genes: structure, homology and chromosomal localization.
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17. |
Aggarwal BB et al. () Characterization of receptors for human tumour necrosis factor and their regulation by gamma-interferon.
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18. |
Müller U et al. () Tumour necrosis factor and lymphotoxin genes map close to H-2D in the mouse major histocompatibility complex.
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19. |
Ragoussis J et al. (1988) Localization of the genes for tumor necrosis factor and lymphotoxin between the HLA class I and III regions by field inversion gel electrophoresis.
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20. |
Spies T et al. (1986) Genes for the tumor necrosis factors alpha and beta are linked to the human major histocompatibility complex.
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21. |
Inoko H et al. (1987) Linkage of TNF genes to the HLA-B locus.
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22. |
Broudy VC et al. (1986) Tumor necrosis factor type alpha stimulates human endothelial cells to produce granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor.
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23. |
Nedospasov SA et al. (1986) The genes for tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) and lymphotoxin (TNF-beta) are tandemly arranged on chromosome 17 of the mouse.
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24. |
Davis JM et al. (1987) Structure of human tumor necrosis factor alpha derived from recombinant DNA.
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25. |
Beutler B et al. (1986) Control of cachectin (tumor necrosis factor) synthesis: mechanisms of endotoxin resistance.
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26. |
Wang AM et al. (1985) Molecular cloning of the complementary DNA for human tumor necrosis factor.
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27. |
Shirai T et al. () Cloning and expression in Escherichia coli of the gene for human tumour necrosis factor.
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28. |
Pennica D et al. () Human tumour necrosis factor: precursor structure, expression and homology to lymphotoxin.
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29. |
Flynn JL et al. (1995) Tumor necrosis factor-alpha is required in the protective immune response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in mice.
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30. |
Galbraith GM et al. (1995) Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) gene polymorphism in alopecia areata.
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31. |
Cabrera M et al. (1995) Polymorphism in tumor necrosis factor genes associated with mucocutaneous leishmaniasis.
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32. |
Norman RA et al. (1995) Linkage between obesity and a marker near the tumor necrosis factor-alpha locus in Pima Indians.
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33. |
D'Alfonso S et al. (1994) A polymorphic variation in a putative regulation box of the TNFA promoter region.
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34. |
McGuire W et al. (1994) Variation in the TNF-alpha promoter region associated with susceptibility to cerebral malaria.
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35. |
Cox A et al. (1994) Comparative analysis of the genetic associations of HLA-DR3 and tumour necrosis factor alpha with human IDDM.
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36. |
Van Ostade X et al. (1993) Human TNF mutants with selective activity on the p55 receptor.
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37. |
Spielman RS et al. (1993) Transmission test for linkage disequilibrium: the insulin gene region and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM).
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38. |
Obeid LM et al. (1993) Programmed cell death induced by ceramide.
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39. |
Bruce AJ et al. (1996) Altered neuronal and microglial responses to excitotoxic and ischemic brain injury in mice lacking TNF receptors.
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40. |
Mulcahy B et al. (1996) Genetic variability in the tumor necrosis factor-lymphotoxin region influences susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis.
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41. |
Nadel S et al. (1996) Variation in the tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene promoter region may be associated with death from meningococcal disease.
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42. |
van Hensbroek MB et al. (1996) The effect of a monoclonal antibody to tumor necrosis factor on survival from childhood cerebral malaria.
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43. |
Black RA et al. (1997) A metalloproteinase disintegrin that releases tumour-necrosis factor-alpha from cells.
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44. |
Conway DJ et al. (1997) Scarring trachoma is associated with polymorphism in the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) gene promoter and with elevated TNF-alpha levels in tear fluid.
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45. |
Wilson AG et al. (1997) Effects of a polymorphism in the human tumor necrosis factor alpha promoter on transcriptional activation.
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46. |
Moffatt MF et al. (1997) Tumour necrosis factor haplotypes and asthma.
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47. |
Marino MW et al. (1997) Characterization of tumor necrosis factor-deficient mice.
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48. |
Roy S et al. (1997) Tumor necrosis factor promoter polymorphism and susceptibility to lepromatous leprosy.
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49. |
Uysal KT et al. (1997) Protection from obesity-induced insulin resistance in mice lacking TNF-alpha function.
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50. |
Herrmann SM et al. (1998) Polymorphisms of the tumour necrosis factor-alpha gene, coronary heart disease and obesity.
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51. |
Ma JJ et al. (1998) Genetic contribution of the tumor necrosis factor region in Guillain-Barré syndrome.
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52. |
Zinman B et al. (1999) Circulating tumor necrosis factor-alpha concentrations in a native Canadian population with high rates of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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53. |
Bonifati C et al. (1999) Cytokines in psoriasis.
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54. |
Knight JC et al. (1999) A polymorphism that affects OCT-1 binding to the TNF promoter region is associated with severe malaria.
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55. |
Skoog T et al. (1999) A common functional polymorphism (C-->A substitution at position -863) in the promoter region of the tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) gene associated with reduced circulating levels of TNF-alpha.
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56. |
Ruuls SR et al. (1999) Unlinking tumor necrosis factor biology from the major histocompatibility complex: lessons from human genetics and animal models.
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57. |
None () The immunogenetics of resistance to malaria.
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58. |
Mira JP et al. (1999) Association of TNF2, a TNF-alpha promoter polymorphism, with septic shock susceptibility and mortality: a multicenter study.
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59. |
Rasmussen SK et al. (2000) The -238 and -308 G-->A polymorphisms of the tumor necrosis factor alpha gene promoter are not associated with features of the insulin resistance syndrome or altered birth weight in Danish Caucasians.
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60. |
Obayashi H et al. (2000) Tumor necrosis factor microsatellite polymorphism influences the development of insulin dependency in adult-onset diabetes patients with the DRB1*1502-DQB1*0601 allele and anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies.
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61. |
Winchester EC et al. (2000) Association of the TNF-alpha-308 (G-->A) polymorphism with self-reported history of childhood asthma.
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62. |
Ota N et al. (2000) Linkage of human tumor necrosis factor-alpha to human osteoporosis by sib pair analysis.
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63. |
Koss K et al. (2000) Cytokine (TNF alpha, LT alpha and IL-10) polymorphisms in inflammatory bowel diseases and normal controls: differential effects on production and allele frequencies.
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64. |
Moraes MO et al. (2001) Tumor necrosis factor-alpha promoter polymorphism TNF2 is associated with a stronger delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction in the skin of borderline tuberculoid leprosy patients.
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65. |
McCusker SM et al. (2001) Association between polymorphism in regulatory region of gene encoding tumour necrosis factor alpha and risk of Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia: a case-control study.
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66. |
Rosmond R et al. (2001) G-308A polymorphism of the tumor necrosis factor alpha gene promoter and salivary cortisol secretion.
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67. |
Escobar-Morreale HF et al. (2001) TNF-alpha and hyperandrogenism: a clinical, biochemical, and molecular genetic study.
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68. |
Quasney MW et al. (2001) Increased frequency of the tumor necrosis factor-alpha-308 A allele in adults with human immunodeficiency virus dementia.
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69. |
Keane J et al. (2001) Tuberculosis associated with infliximab, a tumor necrosis factor alpha-neutralizing agent.
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70. |
Beattie EC et al. (2002) Control of synaptic strength by glial TNFalpha.
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71. |
Roach DR et al. (2002) TNF regulates chemokine induction essential for cell recruitment, granuloma formation, and clearance of mycobacterial infection.
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72. |
Gorman JD et al. (2002) Treatment of ankylosing spondylitis by inhibition of tumor necrosis factor alpha.
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73. |
van Heel DA et al. (2002) Inflammatory bowel disease is associated with a TNF polymorphism that affects an interaction between the OCT1 and NF(-kappa)B transcription factors.
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74. |
Janssen R et al. (2002) Divergent role for TNF-alpha in IFN-gamma-induced killing of Toxoplasma gondii and Salmonella typhimurium contributes to selective susceptibility of patients with partial IFN-gamma receptor 1 deficiency.
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75. |
Krikovszky D et al. (2002) Association between G-308A polymorphism of the tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure values in type 1 diabetic adolescents.
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76. |
García-Ruiz C et al. (2003) Defective TNF-alpha-mediated hepatocellular apoptosis and liver damage in acidic sphingomyelinase knockout mice.
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77. |
Flori L et al. (2003) Linkage of mild malaria to the major histocompatibility complex in families living in Burkina Faso.
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78. |
Takahashi JL et al. (2003) Interleukin-1beta promotes oligodendrocyte death through glutamate excitotoxicity.
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79. |
Balding J et al. (2003) Cytokine gene polymorphisms: association with psoriatic arthritis susceptibility and severity.
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80. |
Shbaklo H et al. (2003) No association between the -1031 polymorphism in the TNF-alpha promoter region and type 1 diabetes.
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81. |
Li H et al. (2003) A combination of human leukocyte antigen DQB1*02 and the tumor necrosis factor alpha promoter G308A polymorphism predisposes to an insulin-deficient phenotype in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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82. |
Kim YJ et al. (2003) Association of TNF-alpha promoter polymorphisms with the clearance of hepatitis B virus infection.
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83. |
Steed PM et al. (2003) Inactivation of TNF signaling by rationally designed dominant-negative TNF variants.
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84. |
Leonardi CL et al. (2003) Etanercept as monotherapy in patients with psoriasis.
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85. |
Diwan A et al. (2004) Targeted overexpression of noncleavable and secreted forms of tumor necrosis factor provokes disparate cardiac phenotypes.
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86. |
Rainero I et al. (2004) Association between the tumor necrosis factor-alpha -308 G/A gene polymorphism and migraine.
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87. |
Bouwmeester T et al. (2004) A physical and functional map of the human TNF-alpha/NF-kappa B signal transduction pathway.
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88. |
Boyman O et al. (2004) Spontaneous development of psoriasis in a new animal model shows an essential role for resident T cells and tumor necrosis factor-alpha.
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89. |
Allcock RJ et al. (2004) High-Density SNP genotyping defines 17 distinct haplotypes of the TNF block in the Caucasian population: implications for haplotype tagging.
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90. |
Funayama T et al. (2004) Variants in optineurin gene and their association with tumor necrosis factor-alpha polymorphisms in Japanese patients with glaucoma.
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91. |
Kamata H et al. (2005) Reactive oxygen species promote TNFalpha-induced death and sustained JNK activation by inhibiting MAP kinase phosphatases.
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92. |
Vielhauer V et al. (2005) Renal cell-expressed TNF receptor 2, not receptor 1, is essential for the development of glomerulonephritis.
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93. |
Balosso S et al. (2005) Tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibits seizures in mice via p75 receptors.
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94. |
Kim JY et al. (2005) Identification of regulatory polymorphisms in the TNF-TNF receptor superfamily.
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95. |
Laws SM et al. (2005) TNF polymorphisms in Alzheimer disease and functional implications on CSF beta-amyloid levels.
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96. |
Stein CM et al. (2005) Evidence for a major gene influence on tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression in tuberculosis: path and segregation analysis.
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97. |
Murray RZ et al. (2005) A role for the phagosome in cytokine secretion.
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98. |
Stellwagen D et al. (2006) Synaptic scaling mediated by glial TNF-alpha.
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99. |
El-Shabrawi Y et al. (2006) Polymorphisms within the tumor necrosis factor-alpha promoter region in patients with HLA-B27-associated uveitis: association with susceptibility and clinical manifestations.
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100. |
Ramos EM et al. (2006) Tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 10 promoter region polymorphisms and risk of late-onset Alzheimer disease.
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101. |
Hase H et al. (2006) TNFalpha mediates the skeletal effects of thyroid-stimulating hormone.
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102. |
Kawane K et al. (2006) Chronic polyarthritis caused by mammalian DNA that escapes from degradation in macrophages.
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103. |
Nadkarni S et al. (2007) Anti-TNF-alpha therapy induces a distinct regulatory T cell population in patients with rheumatoid arthritis via TGF-beta.
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104. |
Soller JT et al. (2007) Comparison of the human and canine cytokines IL-1(alpha/beta) and TNF-alpha to orthologous other mammalians.
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105. |
Lieu ZZ et al. (2008) A trans-Golgi network golgin is required for the regulated secretion of TNF in activated macrophages in vivo.
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106. |
Li X et al. (2008) A tumor necrosis factor-alpha-mediated pathway promoting autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.
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107. |
Guo R et al. (2008) Ubiquitin ligase Smurf1 mediates tumor necrosis factor-induced systemic bone loss by promoting proteasomal degradation of bone morphogenetic signaling proteins.
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108. |
Tay S et al. (2010) Single-cell NF-kappaB dynamics reveal digital activation and analogue information processing.
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109. |
Feldmann M et al. (2010) Anti-TNF therapy, from rationale to standard of care: what lessons has it taught us?
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110. |
Huang MT et al. (2010) Deletion of ripA alleviates suppression of the inflammasome and MAPK by Francisella tularensis.
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111. |
Günther C et al. (2011) Caspase-8 regulates TNF-α-induced epithelial necroptosis and terminal ileitis.
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112. |
Li Z et al. (2014) The long noncoding RNA THRIL regulates TNFα expression through its interaction with hnRNPL.
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113. |
OMIM.ORG article
Omim 191160
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114. |
NCBI article
NCBI 7124
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115. |
Wikipedia article
Wikipedia EN (Tumor_necrosis_factor_superfamily)
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Update: Aug. 14, 2020